从文王到基督:耶稣会士韩国英《诗经》法译研究

Catholic Culture in the French Translation of the Classic of Poetry by the Jesuit Missionary Pierre-Martial Cibot

法国耶稣会士韩国英法译的《大雅·文王》和《大雅·思齐》探讨了以下问题:一,《大雅·文王》描绘了天、上帝和文王的关系,法译文中这三者托喻为天主教的三位一体,因此原诗呈现的中国古代宗教世界变为天主教的世界。二,《大雅·文王》颂扬的重点本是文王,而通过翻译其诗的"敬天"之旨得以强调。三,《大雅·文王》和《大雅·思齐》法译文分别描绘了具有完美道德的文王和文王母亲大任的形象,两者分别托喻为耶稣基督和圣母玛利亚。译者自身的天主教文化通过翻译被植入译文,实现了诗义的转变和文化的迁移。

The French Jesuit missionary Pierre-Martial Cibot translated"Wen Wang"and"Si Qi"from the"Greater Odes of the Kingdom"of the Classic of Poetry into French.Three points are discussed in this essay.Firstly,while the original Chinese poem"Wen Wang"described the relations among Tian,Shangdi,and Wen Wang,in the French translation the three were metaphors for the Christian Trinity.Secondly,King Wen is the focus of the poem"Wen Wang,"while in translation it has been transferred to reverence of Tien(敬天).Thirdly,the French translation of"Wen Wang"and"Si Qi"described Wen Wang and his mother Si Qi,both perfect in virtue,as metaphors for Jesus and his mother Maria.In this way,the culture of the translator was planted into the translation,and the meaning of the poems,as well as the culture transmitted,was transformed.