黑龙江省大气污染物时空分布特征及影响因素

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Air Pollutants in Heilongjiang Province

运用IDW空间插值法和灰色关联分析,对黑龙江省2015—2018年大气污染监测数据和对应年份社会经济数据进行分析。研究表明:AQI值和PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO浓度时间变化趋势在年内呈现“U”形变化规律;黑龙江省的污染重心在哈尔滨市,东南城市群污染程度高于西北城市群;民用汽车及单位公里民用汽车拥有量和CO、O_(3)的关联度极强;人均GDP增长、单位GDP能源消耗强度的减少以及城镇化的发展具有明显的双向性;第一产业发展对空气质量的影响主要来自秸秆燃烧,第二产业则主要是化石燃料燃烧和建筑业产生的扬尘等,第三产业能耗低,对资源的依赖小,污染小。

Based on monitoring the air pollution data from 2015 to 2018 and the social and economic data of corresponding years in Heilongjiang Province,the temporal and spatial distribution is studied using IDW spatial interpolation method and gray correlation method,the results show that:AQI value and PM_(2.5),PM_(10),SO_(2),NO_(2),CO concentration time change trend presents a“U”type change law in the year.Harbin is the center of pollution in Heilongjiang Province,and the pollution degree of southeast urban agglomeration is higher than that of Northwest urban agglomeration.There is a strong correlation between the ownership of civil vehicles and CO,O_(3).The growth of per capita GDP,the decrease of energy consumption intensity per unit GDP and the development of urbanization have obvious two-way characteristics.The impact of the development of the primary industry on air quality mainly comes from straw combustion,while the impact of the secondary industry is mainly from fossil fuel combustion and construction dust.The third industry has low energy consumption,less dependence on resources and less pollution.