基于因子分析的沿海城市港口竞争力评价

Evaluation of Port Competitiveness Level of Coastal Cities Based on Factor Analysis

为了对沿海城市港口经济发展水平进行科学评价,选取20座沿海城市,通过构建综合评价指标体系对港口指标做主成分分析,将沿海城市港口的计算因子得分作为原始数据,用聚类分析的方法将所得结果进行分类。分析结果显示:上海、深圳、广州3个城市的港口综合能力归为第一类,其中上海的港口运输能力最高,广州与深圳的港口综合能力持平;而沿海城市的港口经济发展整体上表现为较大的不均衡现象。上海作为长三角城市群的核心,广州、深圳作为珠三角经济区的双核心,3座城市及其港口在中国沿海城市发展中遥遥领先于其他城市,但部分港口尚未充分发挥自身的临海优势,发展潜力有待进一步挖掘。为此对港口发展问题提出相应的对策建议。

In order to scientifically evaluate the level of economic development of ports in coastal cities,20 coastal cities are selected,by constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system to do principal component analysis on port indicators,the calculated factor scores of ports in coastal cities are used as the original data,and the results obtained are classified by the method of cluster analysis,and the comprehensive port capacity of Shanghai,Shenzhen and Guangzhou are observed from the final analysis results are classified as the first category,among which Shanghai has the highest port transportation capacity,Guangzhou and Shenzhen are equal in terms of comprehensive port capacity,while the overall economic development of ports in coastal cities shows a large uneven phenomenon.Shanghai as the core of the Yangtze River Delta city cluster,Guangzhou and Shenzhen as the double core of the Pearl River Delta economic zone,the three cities and their ports are far ahead of other cities in the development of China's coastal cities,but some of the ports have not yet given full play to their own sea-side sea advantages,and the development potential needs to be further explored,for which corresponding countermeasures are proposed for the port development problems.