容错权利范式下的中国改革开放

China's reform and opening up under the paradigm of fault-tolerance right

试错法是一种通过不断试验和消除误差,探索具有黑箱性质的系统的方法,是纯粹经验的学习方法,主体可以通过离散或连续地调整黑箱系统的参数,测试黑箱产生的反应,以此寻求达到目标的路径。而容错权利范式提倡“试错权作为母权论”与“相互赋权论”,其核心体现3个方面:通过民主选举委托试错权、保护决策者及政治精英的试错权,以及履行批评与接受批评、更正错误等义务。这一点与试错法的本质不谋而合,是试错法在经济、政治、社会制度构想领域的新运用,可以作为对于中华文明未来发展的重要启示。从试错法以及这种新的构想出发,从一个新的角度来考察改革开放40年中渐进改革的“试错学习”路线及其思想实质,并将其与西方新自由主义“休克疗法”进行对比,可以进一步解答现代的中国“如何向前走”的问题。

The trial and error method is a method of exploring a black box system by continuously experimenting and eliminating errors.It is a purely empirical learning method.The subject can test the response of the black box by discretely or continuously adjusting the parameters of the black box system in order to seek the path of goal.The fault-tolerant right paradigm advocates"the right to trial and error as a theory of maternity"and"the theory of mutual empowerment",its core reflects three aspects:commissioning trial and error rights through democratic elections,protecting the right of trial and error of policy makers and political elites,and performing obligations to criticize and accept criticism and correct mistakes.This coincides with the nature of the trial and error method,it is a new application of the trial and error method in the field of economic,political and social system conception.It can be used as an important inspiration for the future development of Chinese civilization.Starting from the trial and error method and this new conception,a new perspective is used to examine the"trial and error learning"line and ideological essence of the gradual reform in the 40 years of reform and opening up,and compares it with western neoliberal"shock therapy".By contrast,we can further answer the question of"how to move forward"in modern China.