论向培良对郭沫若历史剧的批评

On Xiang Peiliang’s Criticism of Guo Moruo’s History Plays

20世纪20年代,向培良在《中国戏剧概评》一书中对郭沫若早期历史剧《三个叛逆的女性》等提出了严苛的批评,认为郭沫若历史剧“教训”色彩浓重、人物塑造机械呆板、脸谱化等。向培良意在以此引进和宣传纯正的戏剧艺术观念,从戏剧创作和戏剧理论两方面正本清源。他的批评意见显然未能真正发挥效用,郭沫若在后来的历史剧创作中一仍其旧并有巨大反响,但这些意见为后人看待历史剧、认知戏剧提供了理性视角和思路。

In 1920′s,Xiang Peiliang criticized Guo Moruo′s early history drama such as‘Three Rebellious Women’in his book‘General Review on Chinese Dramas’.He believed that Guo Moruo's historical drama always preached to the audience,fabricated history and portrayed conceptual characters,etc.Xiang Peiliang intends to introduce and publicize pure artistic concept of drama from the aspects of drama creation and drama theory.Xiang Peiliang′s criticism obviously did not play a role.Guo Moruo′s later history plays remained the same and aroused great repercussions.However,Xiang Peiliang's criticism provides an excellent perspective and ideas for future generations to rationally view history dramas and cognitive dramas.