长期护理保险筹资体系:原则与制度

Long-term Care Insurance Financing System:Principles and Rules

长期护理保险是我国“十四五”期间以及未来重点建设的社会保险制度之一,而筹资则是长期护理制度建立及可持续发展的基础。目前各地试点制度在筹资对象、筹资来源、筹资方式、筹资标准等方面进行了积极探索,也存在不少问题。宜在“公平性”“互助共济、责任共担”“激励性”“基本保障与多层次保障体系”“便携性”原则的指引下,建立完善的筹资规则体系。将筹资对象扩展至特殊群体之外的所有人,合理分配筹资主体的筹资义务;采行比例筹资模式,以“以收定支”准则合理确定筹资标准;以“强制性”和“半强制性”为主解决覆盖与筹资准入问题。

Long-term care insurance is one of the key social insurance systems in the future,and financing is the foundation of sustainable development of long-term care system.At present,various pilot systems have been actively explored in the aspects of financing objects,financing sources,financing methods and financing standards,but there are also many problems.Under the guidance of the principles of"fairness","mutual assistance and shared responsibility","incentive","basic guarantee and multi-level guarantee system"and"portability",the object of financing will be extended to all people outside the special groups,and the financing obligations of the financing subjects will be reasonably distributed;adopt the proportional financing mode,and determine the financing standard reasonably with the criterion of"to receive";"mandatory"and"semi-mandatory"to address coverage and financing issues.