壳聚糖基抑尘剂的制备及性能研究

Preparation and performance research of Chitosan based dust suppressant

针对煤炭在开采、运输和储存过程中的扬尘问题,选用天然可降解的多糖类高分子壳聚糖为生物质原料,对其进行水溶性改性,制得羧甲基壳聚糖。利用羧甲基壳聚糖的成膜性和黏结性特点,将羧甲基壳聚糖与十二烷基硫酸钠复配,测试复合抑尘剂的降尘性能和抗风蚀性能。结果表明,1%羧甲基壳聚糖与1‰十二烷基硫酸钠复配的抑尘剂降尘率达92.2%、在13 m/s风速下抑尘率达98.4%,可适于六级强风天气下的露天煤场抑尘。

Solving the problem of dust in the process of coal mining,transportation and storage,carboxymethyl chitosan was prepared by using natural degradable polysaccharide polymer chitosan as biomass raw material.Based on the film-forming and adhesive properties of carboxymethyl chitosan,the dust suppression and wind erosion resistance of carboxymethyl chitosan and sodium dodecyl sulfate were tested.The results show that the initial dust suppression rate of 1%carboxymethyl chitosan and 1‰sodium dodecyl sulfate is 92.2%,and the dust suppression rate is 98.4%under the wind speed of 13m/s,which is suitable for the dust suppression of open-pit coal yard under the strong wind weather of grade 6.