开平矿务局初期工人状况研究(1878-1892)

Study on the Condition of Workers on the Initial Stage of Chinese Engineering and Mining Company(1878-1892)

19世纪60年代起,在洋务派兴办的军事工业基础上,“官督商办”的采矿等民用工业也开始创办起来。开平矿务局作为当时大型新式采煤企业,是我国最早的现代化股份制企业之一。研究和探索其早期最重要的组成部分——工人群体,是近现代矿业史研究和工人阶级形成的重要内容。分析早期开平矿务局煤矿工人群体主体来源,界定工人属性,展示当时煤矿工人群体特征,对于分析当时社会力量、探寻其在中国革命史上的形成背景、发展历程,具有重要的现实意义。

Since the 1860s,on the basis of the military industry established by the westernization movement,civilian industries such as mining,which were supervised by officials and managed by businesses,also began to be established.As a large new coal mining enterprise,Chinese Engineering and Mining Company was one of the earliest modern joint-stock enterprises in China.To study and explore the workers’group,the most important component in the early period,is an important part of the study on the history of modern mining and the formation of the working class.To analyze the main source of the group of coal miners in early Kailuan,define the attributes of coal miners and display the group characteristics of coal miners at that time are of great practical significance for analyzing the social force at that time and exploring its formation background and development course in the history of Chinese revolution.