不同种植密度对藜麦群体抗倒伏性能及产量的影响

The Effect of Different Planting Densities on Lodging-resistant Properties and Yield of Quinoa

为明确藜麦抗倒伏高产群体的适宜种植密度范围,通过设置品种和密度两因素田间试验,研究了不同种植密度下不同藜麦品种的形态指标、茎秆力学特性、生理指标等的差异及其与群体倒伏率和产量的关系,以期明确藜麦抗倒伏高产群体的适宜种植密度范围。结果表明:藜麦倒伏均发生在灌浆期和成熟期,且随着密度增大群体倒伏率显著增加,陇藜1号的倒伏率明显低于K2。藜麦茎粗、主茎分枝数、单株叶面积、茎秆干质量、穗干质量、单位茎长干质量、茎秆纤维素及木质素含量、茎秆折断力度、压碎强度、穿刺强度、单株粒质量均随着密度增大呈降低趋势,株高、产量随种植密度增大呈先升高后降低的趋势,不同密度处理间的千粒质量无显著差异;除株高和产量外其余指标与倒伏率均呈显著或极显著负相关。在内蒙古阴山丘陵区,藜麦品种陇藜1号和K2实现高产的适宜种植密度分别为15.9,14.1万株/hm^(2)。

To determine the suitable planting density of quinoa population with high lodging resistance and high yield,the agronomic characters,stem mechanical characteristics,physiological indices and relations between lodging percentage and yield components of different quinoa cultivars under different planting densities were studied systematically by setting two factors of cultivar and density in field trials.The main conclusions were as followed.The lodging of two quinoa varieties occurred at the filling stage and maturity stage,and the lodging rate increased significantly with the increase of planting density.The lodging rate of LL-1 was significantly lower than that of K2.Stem diameter,number of main stem branching,leaf area per plant,stem dry weight,spike dry weight,unit stem length dry weight,stem cellulose and lignin content,the stem break strength,crushing strength,and puncture strength and grain weight per plant decreased with the increase of planting density.The plant height and yield increased first and then decreased with the increase of planting density.There is no significant difference in the 1000 grains weight between different density treatments.Except for the plant height and yield,the other indexes were significantly negatively correlated with the lodging rate.The suitable planting densities of LL-1 and K2 achieving maximum economic yield were respectively 15.9×104,14.1×104 plants/ha in Yinshan Hilly Region of Inner Mongolia.