河南农村老年人社会参与能力现状及影响因素

Epidemiology and influencing factors of social participation ability of rural elderly in Henan Province

目的:调查河南农村老年人社会参与能力现况,并分析其影响因素。方法:2019年1~9月采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取河南省60岁及以上农村老年人4074人进行问卷调查,使用《老年人能力评估》(MZ/T039-2013)对其社会参与能力进行评估。采用有序多分类Logistic回归分析老年人社会参与的影响因素。结果:4074名河南农村老年人中,849人(20.84%)社会参与能力不同程度受损,其中轻、中、重度受损率分别为15.49%、3.83%、1.52%。有序多分类Logistic回归分析结果表明,年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况均是河南省农村老年人社会参与能力的影响因素;年龄60~、70~、80~岁的老年人社会参与能力强于90~岁者[OR(95%CI)分别为0.048(0.031~0.075)、0.103(0.067~0.158)、0.316(0.206~0.487)],无配偶的老年人弱于有配偶者[OR(95%CI)为1.520(1.270~1.820)],文盲/半文盲、小学、初中文化程度的老年人弱于高中及以上者[OR(95%CI)分别为3.294(2.048~5.296)、2.689(1.680~4.302)、1.883(1.149~3.089)]。结论:河南省农村老年人社会参与受损率为20.84%,年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况是老年人社会参与能力的重要影响因素。

Aim:To investigate the epidemiology of social participation ability for rural elderly in Henan Province,and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was adopted to select rural elderly people aged 60 years and above in Henan Province as the survey subjects from January to September 2019,and the field survey was conducted using"the Ability Assessment for Older Adults"(MZ/T039-2013).Ordered multi-category Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the social participation ability of rural elderly.Results:A total of 4074 valid questionnaires were collected,849 people were disable in social participation(the prevalence of disability was 20.84%),and the prevalence of mild,moderate and severe disability was 15.49%,3.83%and 1.52%,respectively.Ordered and multi-category Logistic regression analysis showed that age,educational level and marital status were influencing factors of the social participation for the elderly(P<0.05).The social participation ability of the elderly aged 60-,70-and 80-years was stronger than that of the elderly aged>90 years[OR(95%CI)was 0.048(0.031-0.075),0.103(0.067-0.158),0.316(0.206-0.487),respectively].The social participation ability of the elderly without spouse were weaker than those with spouse[OR(95%CI)was 1.520(1.270-1.820)].The social participation ability of the elderly with the illiteracy/semi-illiteracy,primary school and junior high school education level were weaker than those with senior high school education level[OR(95%CI)was 3.294(2.048-5.296),2.689(1.680-4.302),1.883(1.149-3.089),respectively].Conclusion:The prevalence of disability in social participation is 20.84%for rural elderly in Henan Province,and age,educational level and marital status are the important factors affecting the level of social participation.