戏剧史跨界域书写的基本策略探研

On the Basic Strategies of the Interdisciplinary Writing of Drama History

戏剧是融合了艺术的各个门类以及文学的一门综合艺术,依托戏剧作品获得具体的存在。艺术学和包括文学在内的其他社会科学、自然科学以及艺术学的各个门类,都有各自独立的本体特性,这是它们赖以存在的根本,也是边界所在。厘清戏剧与不同学科门类的边界,使戏剧史的书写有“界”可“跨”,是戏剧史跨界域书写的前提;立足戏剧作品独特的形式结构,使戏剧史的书写只“跨”不“越”,是戏剧史跨界域书写的基础;明确戏剧作品中不同学科门类元素的存在方式,使戏剧史的书写有“域”能“跨”,是戏剧史跨界域书写的关键。从创作的过程看,戏剧是以演员塑造的舞台人物为核心的综合体。舞台人物根植于剧本人物,二者合称为戏剧人物。把握戏剧人物的审美结构和审美特性,拓宽对戏剧人物的评价视角,使戏剧史的书写跨“界”成“域”,是戏剧史跨界域书写的基本方法。

Drama is a comprehensive art which integrates various categories of arts and literature,and the existence of drama relies on dramatic works.Art and other social sciences,natural sciences and various categories of art,including literature,have their own independent ontological characteristics,which are the basis of their existence and territories.Clarifying the boundaries between drama and other different disciplines is the premise of the interdisciplinary writing of drama history.The basis of interdisciplinary writing of drama history is that it is based on the unique formal structure of drama works and the writing of drama history only"crosses"but not"crosses over"the boundaries.The key to the interdisciplinary writing of drama history is to clarify the existence of elements of different disciplines in drama works and to make the"domain"which can be crossed in the writing of drama history.From the process of creation,drama is a synthesis with the stage characters as the core.Stage characters are rooted in script characters,who are collectively called dramatic characters.The basic methods of interdisciplinary writing of drama history entail to grasp the aesthetic structure and characteristics of drama characters,to broaden the perspective of evaluation of drama characters,and to make the interdisciplinary writing of drama history into"domain".