法科研究生人才培养模式的类型建构——以“五院四系”为样本的分析

On the Typological Construction of the Talent Cultivation Model of Graduate Law Students-Taking the Chinese“Five Schools and Four Faculties”as the Examples

法治建设的全面推进依赖综合高素质的法律专业人才。为了满足不同类型的职业需求,法科研究生的培养模式应当类型化地区分为学术型培养与实务型培养。从历史渊源看,学术型法律人才的培养经由了“自学成才型”到“学术化训练型”的转变;实务型法律人才的培养通常完全按照学术型人才的培养模式进行,其实务技能则主要依靠在具体履职过程中的业务学习、实训操作和反复实验而得到训练和加强,属于“实践打磨型”。学术型和实务型法律人才基于不同的职业取向和业务需求,应该具有不同的培养方式。学术型法律人才可以通过“经典读书会”“学术工作坊”等形式进行学术化训练;实务型法律人才则可以通过“诊所式教学”“案例解析”等形式进行专业化培训,在偏重实践教学的同时兼顾理论讲授,扩大实践领域,加强法学与交叉学科的互动。

The comprehensive promotion of the rule of law relies on comprehensive cultivation of high-quality legal professionals.In order to meet the needs of different types of occupations,the cultivation model of graduate law students should be divided into academic cultivation and practical cultivation.From the perspective of historical origin,the cultivation of academic legal talent has undergone the transition from“self-taught”to“academic training”;the training of practical legal talent is usually carried out completely in accordance with the training model of academic talent,and practical skills are mainly relying on learning through practice,practical training operations and repeated examinations in the specific process of performing duties,which can be called the“practical polishing type”.The different types of academic and practical legal talent should have different cultivation methods and the cultivation should be based on different career orientations and professional needs.Academic legal talent can conduct academic cultivation through“classic reading clubs”and“academic workshops”;practical legal talents can conduct professional training through“clinic teaching”and“case analysis”,with emphasis on practical teaching.Giving consideration to theoretical teaching,it should expand the field of practice and strengthen the interaction between law and other disciplines as the interdisciplinary domain.