内体分拣转运复合物与自噬关系的研究进展

Research progress in the relationship between endosomal sorting complexes required for transport and autophagy

自噬是一种细胞内降解途径,可将大量细胞质、受损细胞器等底物包裹后运至溶酶体降解从而维持细胞内稳态。在自噬过程中,自噬流的完整性是必需的。影响自噬流通畅的因素很多,如广受关注的内体分拣转运复合物(endosomal sorting complexes required for transport,ESCRT)与自噬的相互关系。ESCRT主要负责膜的剪切,介导细胞膜重构和分裂,在细胞内吞和胞质分裂过程中发挥重要作用。近年来,大量研究表明ESCRT突变体内常积累自噬小体,从而使自噬流受到影响。深入研究提示ESCRT参与调节不同类型自噬的多个过程,而且其亚单位与自噬相关蛋白之间也有交互作用。该文对近年来的相关研究进行综述。

Autophagy is an intracellular degradation pathway,which can transport a large number of cytoplasmic,damaged organelles and other substrates to lysosomes for degradation to maintain intracellular homeostasis.In the process of autophagy,the integrity of autophagy flow should be ensured.Many factors affect the smooth autophagy flow,including the relationship between endosomal sorting complexes required for transport(ESCRT)and autophagy.ESCRT is mainly responsible for membrane shearing,mediating cell membrane remodeling and division,and plays an important role in the process of endocytosis and cytokinesis.In recent years,many studies have shown that ESCRT mutants generally present an accumulation of autophagosomes,suggesting that autophagy flow is affected.In-depth studies indicate that ESCRT is involved in the regulation of several processes of different types of autophagy,and its subunits also interact with autophagy-related proteins.This article reviews the related research in recent years.