维D与婴幼儿健康综述

A Review of Vitamin D and Infant Health

维D作为一种脂溶性营养物质,有维D2和维D32种主要形式,其参与人体多种代谢及疾病的发生及发展,如钙磷代谢、癌症、心血管疾病、糖尿病、免疫系统疾病、肥胖及多发性硬化技甲状腺等。维D3作为维D的天然形式,由7-脱氢胆固醇经阳光照射皮肤后转化而成,其经过2次羟化形成活性物质1,25-二羟基维D3,通过与特定受体结合而发挥生理作用。维D缺乏,会导致婴幼儿钙磷代谢失常、骨骼生长异常甚至骨骼畸形;但如果过量摄入或补充维D,也会使婴幼儿产生中毒症状,如恶心、腹泻、尿淋漓、呕吐等。因此,就维D与婴幼儿疾病及健康进行了综述,提出应该合理饮食,加强户外运动,接受充足日晒,针对维D的补充应严格按照诊断标准进行。

As a fat-soluble nutrient,Vitamin D has two main forms of Vitamin D2 and Vitamin D3,which participate in a variety of metabolism and the occurrence and development of diseases,such as calcium and phosphorus metabolism,cancer,cardiovascular disease,diabetes,immune system diseases,obesity and multiple sclerosis thyroid and so on.Vitamin D3,as a natural form of Vitamin D,is transformed from 7-dehydrocholesterol after exposure to sunlight.It is hydroxylated twice to form an active substance 1,25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3,which plays a physiological role by binding to specific receptors.Vitamin D deficiency can lead to abnormal calcium and phosphorus metabolism,abnormal bone growth and even bone deformities in infants and young children.However,excessive intake or supplement of Vitamin D will also cause toxic symptoms in infants,such as nausea,diarrhea,dripping urine,vomiting and so on.Therefore,we should have a reasonable diet,strengthen outdoor exercise,receive adequate sun exposure,and Vitamin D supplementation should be carried out in strict accordance with the diagnostic criteria.This article reviewed the relationship between Vitamin D and infantile diseases and health.