饲粮纤维水平对不同断奶体重仔猪生长性能、脏器指数、肠道pH和抗氧化性能的影响

Effects of Dietary Fiber Level on Growth Performance, Organ Indexes,Intestinal pH and Antioxidant Capacity of Piglets withDifferent Weaning Weights

本试验旨在研究无抗生素条件下饲粮纤维水平对不同断奶体重仔猪生长性能、脏器指数、肠道pH和抗氧化性能的影响。试验选取96头21日龄健康的杜长大三元杂断奶仔猪,采用2×2双因素随机试验设计,设2个断奶体重水平,分别为(5.00±0.05)kg和(7.07±0.06)kg;2个饲粮纤维水平,分别为2.84%中性洗涤纤维和4.66%中性洗涤纤维,共4组,分别为低体重低纤维组、高体重低纤维组、低体重高纤维组、高体重高纤维组,每组6个重复,每个重复4头仔猪(公母各占1/2)。试验期为28 d。结果表明:饲粮纤维水平对不同断奶体重仔猪的平均日增重和平均日采食量无显著影响(P>0.05),高体重组的平均日增重和平均日采食量显著高于低体重组(P<0.05);各组间的料重比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。高纤维饲粮有降低结肠内容物pH的趋势(P=0.057);对十二指肠、空肠、回肠内容物pH无显著影响(P>0.05);不同断奶体重对十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、结肠内容物pH无显著影响(P>0.05)。高纤维饲粮有降低肝脏指数(P=0.076)和心脏指数(P=0.077)的趋势;高断奶体重显著提高仔猪肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、心脏和肺脏的重量(P<0.05)。高纤维饲粮显著提高仔猪血浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性(P<0.05),显著提高断奶体重仔猪血浆中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)的活性(P<0.05),饲粮纤维水平和断奶体重对仔猪血浆中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。综上所述,无抗生素条件下提高饲粮中纤维水平对不同断奶体重仔猪生长性能无显著影响,但是会降低肠道内容物pH,提高抗氧化能力;显著提高高断奶体重仔猪后期的生长性能。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary fiber level on growth performance,organ indexes,intestinal pH and antioxidant capacity of piglets with different weaning weights.A total of 96 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire weaned piglets at aged of 21 days were allotted to 4 groups according to body weight with 6 replicates,and 4 pigs(2 barrows and 2 gilts)per replicate.The experiment was conducted with a 2×2 factorial design.The weaning weights were(5.00±0.05)kg and(7.07±0.06)kg,and the dietary fiber levels were 2.84%and 4.66%neutral detergent fiber(NDF),respectively.They were divided into low weaning weight and low fiber group,high weaning weight and low fiber group,low weaning weight and high fiber group,high weaning weight and high fiber group.The experiment lasted for 28 days.The results showed that dietary fiber level had no significant effect on average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI)of piglets with different weaning weights(P>0.05),ADG and ADFI of high weaning weight group were significantly higher than those of low weaning weight group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in feed to gain ratio(F/G)among the groups(P>0.05).High fiber diet had a tendency to reduce the pH of colon contents(P=0.057);there was no significant effect on the pH of duodenum,jejunum and ileum contents(P>0.05);different weaning weights had no significant effect on the pH of duodenum,jejunum,ileum and colon contents(P>0.05).High fiber diet had a tendency to reduce liver(P=0.076)and heart(P=0.077)index;high weaning weight significantly increased the weight of liver,kidney,spleen,heart and lung(P<0.05).Dietary fiber level significantly increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in plasma of piglets(P<0.05).High fiber diet significantly increased the activity of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)in plasma of high weaning weight piglets(P<0.05).Dietary fiber level and weaning weight had no significant effect on the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and catalase(CAT)activity in plasma of piglets(P>0.05).In conclusion,increasing dietary fiber level without antibiotics has no significant effect on the growth performance of different weaning weight piglets,however,it reduces the pH of intestinal contents and improves the antioxidant capacity;the growth performance of high weaning weight piglets is significantly improved at the later stage.