拉萨市6年级藏族学生口腔健康状况及其影响因素

A Sampling Survey of the Oral Health Status and Awarenessamong Primary School Students in Lhasa

目的调查西藏拉萨市城镇小学生口腔健康状况和口腔保健意识,为当地口腔疾病防治和健康教育工作提供依据。方法在拉萨市城关区20所小学中,采取整群抽样的方法随机抽取2所小学的藏族学生共504名,进行口腔检查和问卷调查。结果该人群恒牙患龋率和龋均分别为75.00%和2.18±1.91,窝沟封闭率为3.77%,龋齿充填率为6.81%,第一恒磨牙患龋率为47.62%。女性的恒牙龋均和第一恒磨牙患龋率显著高于男性(P=0.001,P=0.007),氟牙症患病率为61.51%,牙石检出率为71.83%。恒牙患龋率的多因素回归分析结果显示,性别、口腔健康重要性认知、口腔就诊意愿和牙科就诊经历是恒牙患龋的独立影响因素。结论拉萨地区小学生恒牙龋病患病率高,治疗率低,口腔卫生不良,口腔保健意识差,需继续加强对学校学生和家长的口腔健康宣教工作和医疗资源投入。

Objective To investigate the oral health status and awareness of urban children in Lhasa,aiming to provide a data basis for the prevention and treatment of children’s caries and the promotion of oral health education.Methods A total of 504 Tibetan students were selected by cluster sampling from 2 primary schools in Chengguan District of Lhasa.All the participants were required to take oral health examination and complete a questionnaire about oral health awareness and behavior.Results The caries prevalence rate and mean decayed-missing-filled tooth(DMFT)of permanent teeth were 75.00%and 2.18±1.91,respectively.The rates of pit and fissure sealant and filling of permanent teeth were 3.77%and 6.81%,respectively.The caries prevalence rate of first permanent molars was 47.62%.The mean DMFT of permanent teeth and caries prevalence rate of first permanent molar were significantly higher in female group(P=0.001 and P=0.007,respectively).The prevalence rate of dental fluorosis was 61.51%,and the detection rate of dental calculus was 71.83%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that prevalence of caries was influenced by many independent factors including gender,oral health awareness,intention of dental intervention,and dental experience.Conclusion High caries prevalence rate,low filling rate,and poor oral hygiene and health awareness were found among the primary school students in Lhasa,which require continuous dentistry investment and oral health education for the local students and their parents.