基于视觉适应的高速公路高风险路段照明参数设置研究

Study on Lighting Setting Technology of Expressway High-Risk Location Based on Visual Adaptation

为提高高速公路夜间高风险路段的交通安全水平,基于行为适应理论,采用UCwin/road软件构建了高风险路段试验场景,并结合眼动追踪系统进行驾驶模拟试验,采集了不同环境照度条件下驾驶人的眼动参数,并通过研究环境照度差异对驾驶人视觉适应的影响规律,提出了高风险路段照明的照度标准及过渡段设置标准。研究表明,在高速公路高危路段,路面照度最高可采用48 lx,将路面平均照度从5 lx依次提升到48 lx时,驾驶人平均适应时间则从9.59 s逐渐降至2.4 s,适应时间标准差从4.23降至0.47;高速公路高危路段的照明过渡段由3部分组成,各部分长度应按行车速度、驾驶人视觉适应时间及12 lx/7.64 s、24 lx/5.63 s、36 lx/4.55 s的平均照度进行确定。

To improve the level of safety of night related high risk of expressway,based on the theory of behavioural adaptation,the UC-win/road software was used to construct high risk location test scenarios.Combining with eye tracking system,a drving test was simulated.Driver′s eye movement parameters under different illumination conditions were collected.This paper puts forward illumination standard of high risk road and setting standards of transition section by studying the influence law of the environment illumination differences on driver visual adaptation.The research shows that the highest road illumination standard of 48Lx can be adopted for the illuminance setting of high-risk sections of expressways.When the average road illumination increases from 5 Lx to 48 Lx,the average adaptation time of drivers decreases gradually from 9.59 s to 2.4 s,and the standard deviation of adaptation time decreases from 4.23 to 0.47.The lighting transition section of high-risk road is composed of three parts,and the length of each part is determined according to the driving speed,the driver′s visual adaptation time,and average illumination of 12 Lx/7.64S,24 Lx/5.63 s,36 Lx/4.55 s.