多道地震波阻抗反演预处理技术的改进及应用

Improvement and application of preprocessing technique for multitrace seismic impedance inversion

叠后地震数据波阻抗反演是储层预测的一种有效方法。目前所常用的叠后反演处理通过递归积分公式在单道上求得波阻抗,不能进行横向正则化约束。采用多道波阻抗反演方法,并对波阻抗模型进行高维(二维或三维)边缘保持平滑滤波预处理,从而将边缘保持先验信息引入地震反演中。经边缘保持平滑滤波预处理后的阻抗模型具有块状化特点(反演出的波阻抗具有清晰的地层边界与边缘,即具有边缘保持性质)。反演得到的波阻抗剖面具有清晰的构造界线与地质体边缘,并具备鲁棒性。然后,通过两个地层波阻抗模型验证了该方法的可行性与稳定性。最后,应用该方法处理了中国西南某三维地震工区数据并进行解释,精确揭示出本工区目的层含气生物礁储层段。

The conventional poststack inversion uses standard recursion formulas to obtain impedance in a single trace.It cannot allow for lateral regularization.In this paper,ID edge-preserving smoothing(EPS)fi lter is extended to 2D/3D for setting precondition of impedance model in impedance inversion.The EPS filter incorporates a priori knowledge into the seismic inversion.The a priori knowledge incorporated from EPS filter preconditioning relates to the blocky features of the impedance model,which makes the formation interfaces and geological edges precise and keeps the inversion procedure robust.Then,the proposed method is performed on two 2D models to show its feasibility and stability.Last,the proposed method is performed on a real 3D seismic work area from Southwest China to predict reef reservoirs in practice.