2002-2019年九江市濂溪区血吸虫病疫情分析

Analysis of schistosomiasis epidemic in Lianxi District of Jiujiang City from 2002 to 2019

目的分析2002-2019年九江市濂溪区血吸虫病疫情动态变化情况,为血吸虫病传播阻断地区防控策略的调整提供参考。方法收集2002-2019年九江市濂溪区血吸虫病防治资料,分析人群病情、家畜病情、螺情等变化情况。结果2012-2019年连续8年没有发现当地感染的血吸虫病病人、病畜。人群校正感染率由0.43%降为0,家畜校正感染率由最高的4.20%波动下降至0。2002-2019年有螺面积总体呈现波动上升,2016年钉螺面积出现高峰,2010-2019年连续10年未查获感染性钉螺。人群校正感染率与耕牛存栏数成正相关,与血防经费投入呈负相关。结论2002-2019年濂溪区血吸虫病人畜病情稳步下降,在钉螺孳生环境未有根本性改变的情况下,以人畜化疗为主,辅以易感地带灭螺和健康教育的血吸虫病控制策略效果明显,但相关项目经费的减少对疫情防控成果的巩固和迈向消除形成挑战。

Objective To analyze the epidemic dynamics of schistosomiasis transmission from 2002 to 2019 in Lianxi District,Jiujiang City,so as to provide reference for updating prevention strategies in areas with schistosomiasis interruption.Methods The data on schistosomiasis prevention and control in Lianxi District,Jiujiang City,were collected from 2002 to 2019,and analyzed concerning the changes of schistosomiasis infection in population,livestock and snail prevalence.Results From 2012 to 2019,no local schistosomiasis patients or sick livestock were found for the 8 consecutive years.The corrected infection rate was decreased from 0.43%and 4.20%to zero,respectively for population and livestock.Between 2002 and 2019,the areas with snails were ascended in fluctuating fashion,and peaked in 2016,yet no infected snails were found in 10 consecutive years(2010-2019).Population corrected infection rate was positively correlated with the number of cattle in stock,and negatively with the funding of schistosomiasis prevention and control.Conclusion Schistosomiasis epidemic situation in Lianxi District was steadily declined from 2002 to 2019.In the absence of fundamental changes in the snail breeding environments,current control strategies on schistosomiasis have achieved a lot based on human and livestock chemotherapy,supplemented by snail control in susceptible areas and health education.However,challenges to consolidation and elimination of the epidemic still exist in view of reduction of related project funding.