数据机房分离式热管系统应用分析

Application analysis of the two-phase thermosyphon loop system used in data room

分离式热管系统是一种实现数据机房高效排热的冷却方案,目前在国内数据机房已得到了一定的应用。常用的热管系统形式主要有机柜级热管系统和列间式热管系统2种,通过实验结论、工程测试和数值模拟,对2种热管系统在北京某数据机房的应用效果进行了分析。结果表明,在数据机房这种多热源非均匀散热的环境下,机柜级热管系统受热源的非均匀性影响较大,当各机柜之间发热量差异较大时,运行情况较不理想,蒸发器进出口温差最大达到了9.3℃;而相比之下,列间式热管系统的应用可以显著减少并联蒸发器的数量,提高各蒸发器之间负荷的均匀性,当不同机柜之间的发热量最大相差5倍时,经过热通道的混合后,各台列间空调所承担的负荷最大仅相差1.5倍,运行情况更为理想。鉴于此,当数据机房中各个机柜之间发热量差别较大时,应首选列间式热管系统作为分离式热管系统的应用形式。

Two-phase thermosyphon loop(TPTL)system is an efficient air conditioning means used in data centers,and it has been put into real application in some data centers in China.Rack-level TPTL system and aisle-level TPTL system are commonly used at present.In this study,the application effect of these two systems in a data room in Beijing is analyzed by experimental results,engineering test and simulation.It is found that,in an indoor environment with multi uneven heat source like data centers,the unevenness of the heat load of each evaporator has a great influence on the rack-level TPTL system.When there is a big difference in the heat production among the racks,the operation of rack-level TPTL system is unsatisfactory,and the maximum temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the evaporator is 9.3℃.In contrast,the application of aisle-level TPTL system can significantly reduce the number of parallel evaporators and improve the load uniformity between evaporators.When the maximum difference of heat output between different cabinets is 5 times,after mixing in the heat channel,the maximum difference of load borne by each inter row air conditioner is only 1.5 times,and its operation is even better.Thus,when there is a big difference in the heat production among the racks in data center,the aisle-level TPTL system is more recommended instead of the rack-level TPTL system.