新疆地区梨种质资源叶表型性状的多样性

The diversity of leaf shape characters of pear germplasm resources in Xinjiang

为梨种质资源的保存、核心种质构建提供理论依据和数据基础,促进梨种质资源的挖掘及高效利用,本文根据《梨种质资源描述规范和数据标准》中提供的方法,对新疆保存的172份梨种质资源叶片表型性状的变异特点和多样性进行分析。结果表明:14个梨种质资源叶表型性状中,8个质量型性状变异系数的平均值为34.21%,其中叶片状态最高为54.80%,叶背茸毛变异系数最低为12.90%;Simpson指数和Shannon-weaver指数变化范围分别在0.03~0.80和0.09~1.69;6个数量型性状变异系数的幅度为11.18%~31.87%,其中叶面积的变异系数最大(31.87%),Shannon-weaver指数变化范围为2.85~5.14,各数量型性状均属于正态或偏正态分布,K-S检验与频率分布图形表现一致,且各性状间的分布存在明显差异;根据材料的不同来源可将梨种质资源分为4种类型,其中以香梨为亲本的杂交群体的叶表型遗传多样性指数最高。

The characteristics and diversity of leaf phenotypic variation pear germplasm resources preserved in Xinjiang were studied,which couldprovide theoretical basis and data basis for the preservation of pear germplasm resources and the construction of core germ-plasm,and promote the development of pear germplasm resources in the region.According to the“Pear Germplasm Resource Descrip-tion Specification and Data Standard”,the variation characteristics and diversity on leaf phenotypic traits of 172 pear germplasm re-sources from Xinjiang were analyzed.Among the 14 leaf phenotype traits on pear germplasm resources,the mean coefficient of variation for the 8 qualitative traits was 34.21%.Among them,the highestvariation coefficient(54.80%)was found in theleaf state,while the lowest(12.90%)was found on the fuzz in the leaf blade back.The Simpson index and Shannon-weaver index ranged from 0.03 to 0.80 and 0.09 to 1.69,respectively.The variation coefficient of 6 quantitative traits ranged from 11.18%to 31.87%,and the variation coef-ficient of the middle leaf area was the largest(31.87%).Shannon-weaver index ranged from 2.85 to 5.14.All quantitative traits are normally or partly normally distribution.The K-S test was consistent with the graph of frequency distribution,and the distribution of the traitwas differed significantly from each other.The pear germplasm resources were classified into 4 types according to their origin,the genetic diversity index of leaf phenotype was the highest in hybrid populations which using Korla pearas the parent.