瑞士跨域协同性空间规划的实践及启示

Cross-border Collaborative Spatial Planning in Switzerland and its Enlightenment

随着城市化的不断深入,区域一体化成为未来空间发展的趋势。面对区域整合过程中不同行政主体之间存在的利益冲突,协同性空间规划成为一种合适处理方式。瑞士作为欧洲城市化水平最高的国家之一,其内部已形成了数量众多的城市集聚区和大都会区域。跨域协同性规划逐渐成为瑞士空间可持续发展的主要手段并积累了大量实践经验。文章首先针对苏黎世大都会区的协同性空间规划体系,从3个方面评述其特点及优势,即,一是以大都会区协会作为各成员合作的平台;二是以大都会区空间概念规划作为整体性的合作框架和统一的规划工具;三是以实践为导向的协同性空间规划模式。然后以此为基础探讨瑞士跨域协同规划经验对我国都市圈、城市群建设在组织结构、规划手段以及实施机制等方面的借鉴意义。

As the process of urbanization goes further in China,regional integration becomes the trend of spatial development in the future.In the regional integration process,collaborative spatial planning is an appropriate way to deal with the conflict of interests between the various administrative subjects.Switzerland,as one of the most urbanized countries in Europe,has developed a large number of urban agglomerations and metropolitan areas within it,and has gained plenty of practical experience in crossborder collaborative spatial planning,which has become a major planning tool.This paper reviews the characteristics and advantages of the collaborative planning system in the Zurich Metropolitan Area from three aspects,i.e.metropolitan associations as a platform for collaboration of different administrative regimes,the metropolitan spatial concept as a holistic framework and a unified planning tool,and the practice-oriented collaborative spatial planning model.Based on the review,this paper discusses the significance of the Swiss experience in cross-border collaborative spatial planning for the construction of metropolitan areas and city agglomerations in China in terms of organizational structure,spatial planning tools and implementation mechanisms.