食管鳞癌中CD137L表达及其与肿瘤转移和微血管密度的相关性

Expression of CD137L in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its correlation with tumor metastasis and microvessel density

目的探讨食管鳞癌中CD137配体(CD137L)表达及其与肿瘤转移和微血管密度(MVD)的相关性。方法收集2017年1月至2018年6月在河北省民政总医院外科住院手术的80例患者的食管鳞癌组织和癌旁正常组织(距肿瘤边缘>5 cm),采用定量PCR(qPCR)法检测组织中CD137L mRNA的相对表达量,采用免疫组织化学法检测CD137L蛋白的表达,分析CD137L蛋白阳性表达与肿瘤浸润深度、组织学分级、淋巴结转移的关系。用CD105标记MVD,采用免疫组织化学法检测CD105的表达并计算MVD值。比较CD137L蛋白阳性和阴性表达的食管鳞癌患者的MVD差异,分析CD137L mRNA与MVD的相关性。结果食管鳞癌组织中CD137L mRNA的相对表达量显著低于癌旁正常组织,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。免疫组织化学结果显示,食管鳞癌组织中CD137L蛋白主要表达在细胞膜,少量表达在细胞质,CD137L蛋白表达阳性率显著低于癌旁正常组织,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肿瘤浸润深度越深,CD137L蛋白阳性表达率越低,有淋巴结转移的患者的CD137L蛋白阳性表达率低于无淋巴结转移的患者,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。CD105蛋白主要表达于血管内皮细胞,食管鳞癌组织中MVD显著高于癌旁正常组织[(36.92±6.55)/mm^(2)比(10.17±2.12)/mm^(2)],差异有统计学意义(t=10.002,P=0.000)。CD137L蛋白阳性表达患者的MVD显著低于阴性表达患者[(31.94±6.13)/mm^(2)比(41.77±6.08)/mm^(2)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CD137L mRNA相对表达量与MVD呈显著负相关(r=0.492,P=0.000)。结论食管鳞癌中CD137L表达呈低表达,CD137L表达与肿瘤转移和微血管密度密切相关。

Objective This paper intends to explore the expression of CD137 ligand(CD137L)in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its correlation with tumor metastasis and microvessel density(MVD).Methods The esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and normal adjacent tissues(>5 cm from the edge of the tumor)of 80 patients who were hospitalized for surgery in Hebei Provincial General Hospital of Civil Affairs from January 2017 to June 2018 were collected.The quantitative PCR(qPCR)method was used to detect the expression of CD137L mRNA in the tissue,and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CD137L protein.The relationship between the positive expression of CD137L protein and the depth of tumor invasion,histological grade,and lymph node metastasis were analyzed.The MVD was labeled with CD105,and the expression of CD105 was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the MVD value was calculated.The difference of MVD in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with positive and negative expression of CD137L protein was compared,and the correlation between CD137L mRNA and MVD was analyzed.Results The expression of CD137L mRNA in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue is found to be significantly lower than that in normal tissues adjacent to the cancer,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The results of immunohistochemistry show that the CD137L protein in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue is mainly expressed in the cell membrane,and a small amount is expressed in the cytoplasm,the positive rate of CD137L protein expression is significantly lower than that of normal tissues adjacent to the cancer,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).As the tumor invasion deepens,the positive expression rate of CD137L protein decreases.The positive expression rate of CD137L protein in patients with lymph node metastasis is lower than that in patients without lymph node metastasis,with a statistically significant difference(all P<0.05).The CD105 protein is mainly expressed in vascular endothelial cells.The MVD in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue is significantly higher than that in normal adjacent tissues((36.92±6.55)/mm^(2) ratio(10.17±2.12)/mm^(2)),with a statistically significant difference(t=10.002,P=0.000).The MVD of patients with positive expression of CD137L protein is significantly lower than that of patients with negative expression((31.94±6.13)/mm^(2) ratio(41.77±6.08)/mm^(2)),with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).CD137L mRNA expression is significantly negatively correlated with MVD(r=0.492,P=0.000).Conclusion CD137L expression is low in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,and CD137L expression is closely related to tumor metastasis and microvessel density.