倾斜煤层露天矿横采内排采区合理宽度研究

Study on reasonable width of horizontal mining and internal drainage area in inclined coal seam open-pit mine

倾斜煤层露天矿在生产过程中,为降低剥采比、尽快实现剥离物内排、节约运营成本,开采方式由纵采转变为横采。目前针对露天矿采区宽度的确定多采用经济合理或技术可行的方式,这2种方式各有利弊,难以合理优化露天矿采区宽度。为对采用横采内排开采程序露天矿的采区宽度进行优化,提出了一种横采内排采区宽度优化方法。该方法基于露天开采原理,建立了倾斜煤层露天矿横采内排模型;分析了横采采区宽度与平均剥采比的关系与变化规律;探讨了剥离运输成本对经济合理剥采比的影响以及横采采区宽度与剥离内排运距的关系。通过建立剥离运输成本与运距之间的联系,间接地确定了横采采区宽度与经济合理剥采比的关系与变化规律。在规定了生产能力的前提下,分析横采采区宽度与露天矿年推进度的关系。通过以上方法确定经济合理的最大横采采区宽度,满足技术可行的最小横采采区宽度,并给出采区宽度优化原则。将此方法及确定原则应用于准东露天煤矿,对采用不同横采采区宽度时露天矿的平均剥采比、经济合理剥采比、年推进度进行了分析计算。结果表明:优化后的采区宽度为1.0 km,平均剥采比为1.89 m3/t,经济合理剥采比为2.11 m^(3)/t,保证了矿山生产能力、提高了露天矿经济效益。

In the production process of the inclined coal seam open-pit mine,in order to reduce the stripping ratio and realize the internal discharge of the stripped material as soon as possible,and save operating costs,the mining method is changed from vertical mining to horizontal mining.At present,most economically reasonable or technically feasible methods are used to determine the width of open-pit mining areas.These two methods have their own advantages and disadvantages,and it is difficult to rationally optimize the width of open-pit mining areas.In order to optimize the width of the mining area of the open-pit mine using the horizontal mining and internal drainage mining program,a method for optimizing the width of the horizontal mining and internal drainage mining area was proposed.This method was based on the principle of open-pit mining,and established a horizontal mining internal drainage model for inclined coal seam open-pit mines.The relationship and change law between the width of the horizontal mining area and the average stripping ratio were analyzed.The influence of stripping transportation cost on the economical and reasonable stripping ratio and the relationship between the width of the horizontal mining area and the internal transportation distance of stripping were discussed.By establishing the relationship between the stripping transportation cost and the transportation distance,the relationship and change law of the width of the horizontal mining area and the economically reasonable stripping ratio were indirectly determined.Under the premise of stipulating the production capacity,the relationship between the width of the horizontal mining area and the annual advancement of the open pit was analyzed.Through the above methods,the economical and reasonable maximum width of the horizontal mining area was determined to meet the technically feasible minimum width of the horizontal mining area,and the optimization principle of the mining area width was given.This method and the determination principle were applied to Zhundong Open-pit Coal Mine,and the average stripping ratio,economical and reasonable stripping ratio and annual advance rate of open-pit mines with different horizontal mining area widths were analyzed and calculated.The results show that the optimized mining area width is 1.0 km,the average stripping ratio is 1.89 m3/t,and the economically reasonable stripping ratio is 2.11 m3/t,which ensures the mine′s production capacity and improves the economic benefits of the open-pit mine.