食品安全公益诉讼领域惩罚性赔偿制度适用问题研究

Research on the Application of Punitive Damages System in the Field of Food Safety Public Interest Litigation

在食品安全案件中适用惩罚性赔偿制度,是实现公益诉讼制度功能的基本要求,是公益诉讼制度完善的需要,私益诉讼中的惩罚性赔偿请求权可以类推适用于民事公益诉讼,符合我国司法政策的方向和要求。就制度构建而言,宜通过司法解释的方式而不是通过立法或者修改法律的方式完善相关制度,明确请求惩罚性赔偿的主体范围,确定惩罚性赔偿的计算基数,以及明确赔偿金的使用和分流模式。

The application of punitive damages system in food safety cases is the basic requirement of realizing the function of public interest litigation system and the need of perfecting public interest litigation system.The claim of punitive damages in private interest litigation can be applied to civil public interest litigation by analogy,which is in line with the direction and requirements of China’s judicial policy.As far as the system construction is concerned,we should improve the relevant system by means of judicial interpretation rather than legislation or amendment of law,clarify the subject scope of punitive damages,determine the calculation base of punitive damages,and clarify the use and diversion mode of damages.