铁路客车车体结构振动模态提升研究

Research of the enhancement of structural vibration mode for railway passenger car body

文章以某型铁路客车钢结构车体为例,建立了详细的车体结构有限元力学模型,研究了车体侧墙纵向梁结构、底架边梁结构、侧墙上弦梁结构,以及底架裙板结构对车体结构主要振动模态指标的影响;在此基础上,分析了侧墙立柱和车顶弯梁组成的圈梁结构对车体结构振动模态的影响。研究结果表明:提高车体底架边梁和侧墙上弦梁的刚度,如抗弯截面模量,可以在一定程度上提升主要振动模态指标;底架裙板对车体主要振动模态有较大影响;侧墙纵向梁以及圈梁方案对车体主要振动模态指标的影响有限。

Taking a steel-structured car body of a railway passenger wagon as an example,this paper builds a detailed FEM mechanical model for car body,studies the influence of longitudinal beam structure of side wall,boundary beam structure of underframe,upper beam structure of side wall and underframe apron board on the main vibration mode index of car body structure;and subsequently analyzes the impact of ring beam structure composed of stand column of side wall and roof camber beam on the vibration mode of car body structure.Research results indicate that increase of the rigidity of boundary beam at underframe and the upper beam at side wall,such as the anti-bending section modulus can enhance the main vibration mode index to some extent;the underframe apron board could considerably affect the main vibration mode of car body,while the longitudinal beam at side wall and the ring beam option have less influence on the vibration mode index of car body.