外泌体在脑胶质瘤中的研究进展

Research and progress of exosomes in glioma

目的探讨外泌体在脑胶质瘤中的发生、发展及防治措施,以期提高患者的诊断和治疗效果,也为精准医学和个体化治疗提供新的研究参考。方法应用PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网和万方数据库,以"外泌体、脑胶质瘤、发生发展、治疗"为关键词,检索自建库至2020-12-31的相关文献。纳入标准:(1)外泌体形成及作用的研究;(2)外泌体在脑胶质瘤发生和治疗方面的最新研究进展。排除标准:重复文献及综述。根据纳入与排除标准,最终纳入相关文献60篇。结果外泌体对脑胶质瘤的迁移及侵袭有促进或者抑制作用,能够影响其发生发展。外泌体可以改变肿瘤微环境,介导细胞间通讯。外泌体内含物可作为脑胶质瘤预后评估的标志物,在疾病发生发展过程中发挥指导作用。外泌体参与脑胶质瘤的化疗、放疗、免疫治疗及靶向治疗,能够在一定程度上提示及改善其预后。结论外泌体作为新型分子标志物,在中枢神经系统疾病,特别是脑胶质瘤发生、发展、迁移、侵袭及治疗预后中有重要意义。

Objective To explore the occurrence,development,prevention and treatment of exosomes in glioma,in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment effect of patients,and also to provide new research reference for precision medicine and individualized therapy.Methods PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI and Wanfanag databases were used to retrieve relevant literature with the keywords of"exosomes,glioma,development and therapeutics".Relevant literatures were searched from the establishment of the database to 12/31/2020.Inclusion criteria:(1)studies on the formation and function of exosomes;(2)the latest research progress of exosomes in the occurrence and therapeutics of glioma.Exclusion criteria:repeated literature and reviews.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,60 highly relevant studies were finally included.Results Exosomes can promote or inhibit the migration and invasion of glioma,and can affect its occurrence and development.Exosomes can change the tumor microenvironment,mediate intercellular communication.Exosome contents can be used as markers for prognosis assessment of glioma and play a guiding role in the occurrence and progression of the disease.Exosomes participate in chemotherapy,radiotherapy,immunotherapy and targeted therapy for glioma,which can suggest and improve its prognosis to a certain extent.Conclusions As a novel molecular marker,exosomes play an important role in the development,migration,invasion,treatment and prognosis of central nervous system diseases,especially glioma.