学前教育公私合作的实践模式与特征

The Practice Mode and Characteristics of Public Private Partnership in Preschool Education

从运营方式、产权归属、权责关系等角度看,目前我国学前教育公私合作共有7种实践模式:政府购买幼儿园学位、幼儿园教育券、政府扶持普惠民办园、幼儿园公建民营、民建公办、民建公租、幼儿园委托管理。每一种模式有其独特的出资者、运营者、合作形式、运作过程和运作条件等。总体而言,学前教育公私合作实践呈现出以下特征:参与学前教育的主体多元化;围绕学前教育各环节展开的合作广泛化;各主体参与学前教育的合作方式多样化;政府在学前教育公私合作中起关键作用。为确保学前教育公私合作的长效良性运作,未来应选择的发展路径应为:确立政府主导作用,提升政府的主导能力;培育学前教育市场主体,鼓励社会参与;创新公私合作模式。

From the perspective of operation mode,ownership of property rights,and relationship of rights and responsibilities,there are seven practice modes of public-private partnership in preschool education in China:government purchase of kindergarten degree,kindergarten education voucher,government support of inclusive private kindergarten,public private kindergarten,public private kindergarten,public private private kindergarten,public private kindergarten,public private kindergarten,public rent kindergarten and entrusted kindergarten management.Each mode has its unique investors,operators,cooperation forms,operation process and operation conditions.Generally speaking,the practice of public-private partnership in preschool education shows the following characteristics:the diversification of participants in preschool education;the extensive cooperation around all aspects of preschool education;the diversification of cooperation ways of participants in preschool education;the government plays a key role in the public-private partnership in preschool education.In order to ensure the long-term and healthy operation of public-private cooperation in preschool education,the future development path should be:to establish the leading role of the government and enhance the leading ability of the government;to cultivate the main body of preschool education market and encourage social participation;to innovate the mode of public-private cooperation.