黄河流域绿色发展水平时空演变特征

Spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of green development level in the Yellow River Basin

采用全局Malmquist-Luenberger指数,测算了2001—2018年黄河流域的绿色全要素生产率,作为绿色发展水平的度量指标,并借助于核密度估计、泰尔系数、变异系数、Dagum基尼系数等考察黄河流域绿色发展水平的时空演变特征。结果表明:黄河流域绿色发展总体水平不高,且呈现出缓慢的波浪式上升特征,增长的动力来源于绿色技术进步;流域内差异较为明显,下游>上游>全流域>中游。绿色发展水平省际差距呈逐步缩小趋势,分布形态呈现由两极分化向单极化演进态势,总体呈现高—低—高的发展态势,空间分异特征较为明显,呈现以山西和河南为核心的“双核”空间不平衡特征。基于泰尔系数,黄河流域内部绿色发展水平差距大于上游、中游、下游三大区域间的差距;基于变异系数,绿色发展水平不平衡程度整体呈现下降趋势;基于Dagum基尼系数,绿色发展水平空间不平衡总体呈下降趋势,差距主要来源于地区内差异,且流域间的交叉重叠现象对绿色发展水平总体差距的影响较小。

The global Malmquist-Luenberger index was used to measure the green total factor productivity of the Yellow River Basin in China from 2001 to 2018,as a measure of the level of green development.Applying the nuclear density estimation,Theil coefficient,coefficient of variation,Dagum Gini coefficient and other research methods,the paper investigates the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the green development level in the Yellow River Basin.The research results show that the overall level of green development in the Yellow River Basin is not high,and it shows a slow wave-like rise.The driving force for growth comes from the progress of green technology;the differences within the basin are more obvious,downstream areas>upstream areas>the whole basin>midstream area in the average level of green development.The inter-provincial gap in the level of green development is gradually narrowing,and the distribution pattern is evolving from polarization to unipolarity.The overall development trend is"high-low-high".The characteristics of spatial differentiation are more obvious,showing that Shanxi and Henan as the core"dual-core"space imbalance feature.Based on the Theil coefficient,the gap in the level of green development within the Yellow River Basin is greater than the gap between the upstream,midstream,and downstream regions;based on the coefficient of variation,the overall level of green development level imbalance shows a downward trend;based on the Dagum Gini coefficient,the level of green development is spaced The overall imbalance is in a downward trend,and the gap is mainly due to regional differences,and the overlap between river basins has a relatively small impact on the overall gap in green development.