高速铁路隧道洞口地形三维扫描成图应用研究

Topographic mapping of tunnel portal of high-speed railway by using three-dimensional scanning technology

为了获取人员难以到达、地形复杂的高速铁路隧道洞口处地形图及断面图,采用"GPS+三维激光扫描仪"技术进行测量获取地面数据。通过GPS采集控制点坐标建立绝对坐标系,三维激光扫描技术获得相对坐标系下的地面数据,最后运用坐标转换技术获得工程坐标系下的地面数据。对获得的地面点云数据进行预处理,然后将数据导入到CASS软件中进行地形图的绘制,并运用数字地面模型对隧道洞口的横断面、纵断面进行生成,得到满足设计要求的大比例尺等高线地形图和断面图。通过现场实验数据验证,证明"GPS+三维激光扫描仪"技术应用于大比例尺地形图测绘中,其结果完全可以满足测量要求,生成的地形图、横纵断面图完全可以满足工程设计需要。

In order to obtain the topographic and cross-section map of the port of high-speed railway tunnel,which is difficult to reach and complex,the technology of"GPS+3D laser scanner"is used to measure the ground data"The absolute coordinate system is established by GPS at some control points,the ground data under the relative coordinate system is obtained by 3D laser scanning technology,and finally the ground data under the engineering coordinate system is obtained by coordinate transformation.The obtained ground point cloud is preprocessed,and then the data is imported into CASS software to draw the topographic map.The digital elevation model is used to generate the cross-section and vertical section of the tunnel portal,and the large-scale contour and section map meeting the design requirements are obtained.The verification of the field experiment data proves that"GPS+3D laser scanner"can completely meet the requirements of large-scale topographic survey.The generated topographic map and cross-section map can fully meet the needs of the engineering design.