江西省农村老年人慢性病患病现状及影响因素分析

Prevalence and influencing factors of chronic diseases among the elderly in rural areas of Jiangxi Province

目的了解江西省农村中老年慢性病患病现状及其影响因素,为制定针对性的慢性病防治政策与健康干预措施提供依据。方法采用简单随机抽样方法,对江西省内21个农村地区的605名中老年人进行慢性病现患情况及相关因素进行问卷调查。结果江西省农村地区老年人慢性病患病率达到57.5%,患病率排在前三位的分别为骨关节疾病(40.0%)、高血压(37.2%)及其他慢性疾病(13.7%)。多因素logistic回归分析发现,没有医保(OR:1.888,95%CI:1.059~3.367)、饮食不清淡(OR:1.887,95%CI:1.049~3.396)、不经常久坐(OR:1.814,95%CI:1.094~3.008)、自评健康状况好(OR:29.918,95%CI:2.881~310.683)、自评健康状况一般(OR:44.289,95%CI:4.869~402.837)及自评健康状况差(OR:16.224,95%CI:0.722~56.561)为慢性病患病的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论通过增强日常锻炼、改善饮食习惯、提高健康素养水平和继续推进医保覆盖等举措,提高农村地区老年人健康水平与生活质量,切实做好慢性病防控工作。

Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of chronic diseases among rural middle-aged and elderly population in Jiangxi Province,so as to provide reference for formulating targeted chronic disease prevention policies and health interventions.Methods A simple random sampling method was adopted to survey 605 middle-aged and elderly people in 21 rural areas of Jiangxi Province on their development of chronic diseases and related influence factors.Results The prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly in rural areas of Jiangxi Province reached 57.5%,and the diseases with the top three prevalence rates were bone and joint diseases(40.0%),hypertension(37.2%)and other chronic diseases(13.7%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that the risk factors of chronic diseases were having no medical insurance(OR:1.888,95%CI:1.059~3.367),rich diet(OR:1.887,95%CI:1.049~3.396),infrequent sedentariness(OR:1.814,95%CI:1.094~3.008),self-rated health status being good(OR:29.918,95%CI:2.881~310.683),self-rated health status being general(OR:44.289,95%CI:4.869~402.837)and self-rated health status being poor(OR:16.224,95%CI:0.722~56.561).Conclusions By enhancing daily exercises,improving eating habits,improving health literacy,and promoting medical insurance coverage,we will improve the health and quality of life among the elderly of rural areas,and effectively control and prevent chronic diseases.