油炸食品中多环芳烃污染状况分析及健康风险评估

Pollution analysis and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fried food

目的了解油炸食品中多环芳烃(PAHs)的污染水平,评估PAHs对人群的健康风险。方法采集120份油炸食品,经环己烷-乙酸乙酯(1:1,V/V)混合溶剂超声提取,凝胶渗透色谱净化后,超高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定样品中15种PAHs的含量,分析污染状况,并用暴露限制(MOE)方法评估健康风险。结果样品中15种PAHs的检出率为98.33%(118/120),平均值为23.8μg/kg,最大值为716μg/kg;其中苯并[a]芘的污染平均水平为0.33μg/kg,检出率为17.5%,超标率为0.0%;萘、芴、菲、荧蒽是118份阳性样品中主要的污染物;经油炸食品摄入的苯并[a]芘、PAH2、PAH4和PAH8的暴露量的MOE值均>10000。结论油炸食品受到PAHs的污染较为严重,萘、芴、菲、荧蒽是其主要的污染物;基于当前监测的油炸食品中PAHs污染水平,人群经油炸食品摄入PAHs在当前设定暴露情况下的健康风险较低。

Objective To survey the pollution levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in fried foods and to assess the health risk for the consumers.Methods A total of 120 fried food samples were collected and ultrasonically extracted with cyclohexane-ethyl acetate(1:1,V/V)mixed solvent.After purification by gel permeation chromatography,the contents of 15 PAHs in the samples were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection method.The contamination status was analyzed and the health risks were assessed by exposure limit(MOE).Results The detection rate of 15 PAHs in the samples was 98.33%(118/120),with an average of 23.8μg/kg and a maximum of 716μg/kg.The average pollution level of benzo[a]pyrene was 0.33μg/kg,the detection rate was 17.5%,and the over-standard rate was 0.0%.Naphthalene,fluorene,phenanthrene and fluoranthene were the main contaminants in 118 positive samples.The MOE values of benzo[a]pyrene,PAH2,PAH4 and PAH8 ingested by fried foods were all greater than 10000.Conclusion The PAHs pollution in fried food was serious.Naphthalene,fluorene,phenanthrene and fluoranthene were main contaminants.Based on the PAHs pollution level monitored currently in the fried food,the human health risk taking PAHs was low.