莱辛的世界主义视角和叙事移情策略研究——以《蚁冢》为例

An Analysis of Doris Lessing’s Cosmopolitan Outlook and Narrative Empathy Strategies:A Case Study of The Antheap

多丽斯·莱辛有不少作品关注世界和人类共同命运及相关话题,和世界主义的特点比较契合。她是用何叙事移情策略来传递那种共同体验与价值观的呢?在其佳作《蚁冢》中,莱辛利用巨坑前景化奠定了故事的空间场域及其"吞噬、囚禁"的基本情感特征;在描写托米从幼年到青少年的成长过程中利用自由间接叙事突出移情效果,读者可以进入到托米的内心世界,感受沉默、噪音和雕刻对他的深刻影响,感受托米在种族主义、殖民主义和人道主义之间的种种挣扎,并最终感佩于托米对他人负有责任的人道情怀。

Many works by Doris Lessing reflect cosmopolitan characteristics,as they are about some common topics on the world and humanity.What strategies of narrative empathy does she employ to convey common human experience and values?In her impressive fiction The Antheap,Lessing foregrounds a gulf,setting the space for the story and essential emotions such as suffocation and imprisonment here.She highlights the emphatic effect by telling the story of Tommy from his infanthood to his youth,with free indirect discourse which accesses the reader the inner world of Tommy so that we can feel the deep impact of silence,noise and carving on him,and inner struggles he experiences between racism,colonialism and humanism.And finally we are deeply touched by his humanist notion that man bears an inherent ethical responsibility for man.