聚丙烯/竹纤维复合材料的制备及力学和抗老化性能研究

Preparation of Polypropylene/Bamboo Fiber Composites and Study on Its Mechanical and Aging Resistance

利用不同质量分数的NaOH溶液碱化处理竹纤维(BF),制备聚丙烯/竹纤维(PP/BF)复合材料,通过FTIR、SEM对碱处理前后的BF进行表征。结果表明:10%的NaOH溶液对BF碱化,使PP/BF复合材料的力学性能最佳,但碱浓度过大时,PP/BF的耐摩擦性能、拉伸强度和弯曲强度降低。通过计算BF的表面自由能,得出碱化BF表面自由能更高,对复合材料的增强效果更加明显。SEM分析可知:BF的碱化处理会降低其表面的粗糙度,减少力学缺陷;当NaOH浓度过高,会破坏BF结构,降低复合材料的力学性能;碱化处理的BF提升复合材料的抗老化性能。结果显示,使用10%NaOH溶液碱化处理的BF对复合材料的性能增强效果最好。

Bamboo fibers(BF)were treated by different concentration of NaOH solution and Polypropylene/Bamboo fibers(PP/BF)composites were prepared.The structure of BF before and after alkaline treatment were characterized by FTIR and SEM.The results show that the mechanical properties of PP/BF composites reach the maximum value when using 10%NaOH solution to alkalize BF.However,when the alkali concentration is too high,the frictional resistance,tensile and bending strengths of the composites is decreased.The surface free energy of BF is calculated.The results show that the alkali treated BF has higher surface free energy thus reinforce the composites better.The SEM photos show that the surface roughness of BF is decreased after alkali treatment,as a results,the mechanical defects of composites are also decreased.When the concentration of NaOH is too high,the structure of BF will be destroyed,and the mechanical properties of composites are reduced.Alkali treated BF improve the aging resistance of PP/BF composites.The results show that BF treated by 10%NaOH solution reinforces the PP/BF composites best.