不同施肥水平下多效唑对山栏稻重要农艺性状的影响

Effect of Paclobutrazol on Important Agronomic Traits under Different Fertilization Levels in Shanlan Upland Rice

山栏稻是海南特有地方稻,其稻米价格较高,近年来在脱贫攻坚中发挥了重要作用。然而山栏稻存在的突出问题是株高较高,易倒伏,严重威胁产量。本研究以乐东山栏稻‘LD-1’为试验材料,探究不同水平肥料与多效唑处理下山栏稻株高、产量等农艺性状的变化规律,筛选能够大幅降低株高的施肥水平和多效唑使用浓度。不同水平施肥主要通过影响每穗实粒数导致产量改变。多效唑处理主要通过降低株高和增加单株有效穗数来增加产量。在不同肥料水平和多效唑处理同时作用的情况下,虽然每穗实粒数呈现显著降低,但‘LD-1’产量的提高主要通过降低株高、增加单株有效穗数和千粒重来实现。研究结果表明,每亩施复合肥20 kg,并于播种后35 d喷施225 mg/kg的多效唑进行处理(A3B3),株高比对照降低了25.29%,单株有效穗数增加了34.28%,产量提高33.64%,该处理为最佳的浓度组合。本研究为山栏稻高产稳产及高效栽培提供理论依据和技术支撑。

Shanlan upland rice is endemic local land rice variety in Hainan,the rice price is higher and play an important role in poverty alleviation in recent years.The plant height of Shanlan upland rice is usually high.Consequently,it was easy to fall down,which is the main problem that caused seriously decrease of yield in Shanlan upland rice.The effect of fertilization and paclobutrazol on plant height and other important agronomic traits and its optimal concentration were studied in Ledong Shanlan rice('LD-1').The results showed that different fertilization levels mainly affected the grain number per panicle of'LD-1',and then affected the yield.The yield was increased by reducing plant height and increasing effective panicle number per plant.Although the grain number per panicle decreased significantly,the yield was improved mainly by reducing plant height,increasing panicle number per plant and 1000-grain weight under the interactions of different fertilization levels and paclobutrazol treatment.In general,20 kg of compound fertilizer was applied per Mu,and 225 mg/kg of paclobutrazol was sprayed on 35 days after sowing(A3B3).Compared with the control group,plant height decreased by 25.29%,effective panicle number per plant increased by 34.28%,and yield increased by 33.64%,which was the best concentration combination.This provided theoretical basis and technical support for high and stable yield and efficient cultivation of Shanlan upland rice.