保水剂与锌肥协同施用对旱地春玉米生理特征及产量的影响

Effects of Synergistic Application of Water and Zinc Fertilizer on Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Spring Maize in Dryland

2015~2016年采用盆栽实验的方法,设置两种水分处理,正常供水(W1)为田间持水量的75%~85%,干旱(W2)处理为田间持水量45%~55%,同时施加保水剂(B)和锌肥(Zn),对照处理(CK)不添加保水剂与锌肥,研究保水剂与微量元素锌对辽西地区玉米生理形态特性、水分利用效率及干物质分配及产量的影响。结果表明,在玉米生育期内,施加保水剂和Zn处理能显著提高玉米拔节期的增高速率,在W2处理下,Zn1B(低锌+保水剂)处理较CK处理在拔节期的增高速率提高52.2%,且效果极显著。使用保水剂时适当的施用锌肥可以提高玉米的根冠比,在正常供水和干旱两种水分处理下,Zn1B(低锌+保水剂)处理较CK处理产量分别提高15.3%、17%。因此保水剂与锌肥配施对于辽西地区春玉米的生长发育及产量增加有一定的积极作用。

In 2015-2016,the pot experiment was used to set two water treatments:the normal water supply(W1)was 75%-85%of field capacity,and drought(W2)treatment was 45%-55%of field capacity.Water retaining agent(B)and zinc fertilizer(Zn)were applied at the same time,the control treatment(CK)did not add water retaining agent and zinc fertilizer.To investigate the effects of water-retaining agent and trace element zinc on physiological characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter distribution and yield of maize in western Liaoning region.The results showed that in the growth period of maize,the application of water retaining agent could significantly improve the increase rate of maize at jointing stage.Compared with CK,Zn1B(low zinc+water retaining agent)treatment increased by 32.7%and B treatment increased by 8.3%.In addition,the application of zinc fertilizer can improve the root-shoot ratio of maize when using water-retaining agent.Under the two water treatments of normal water supply and drought,the yield of Zn1B treatment was increased by 15.3%and 17%,respectively,compared with CK.Therefore,the combined application of water retaining agent and zinc fertilizer had certain positive effects on the growth and yield increase of spring maize in western Liaoning.