摘要
Large castings and forgings play a crucial role in development of society and economy.The products of large castings and forgings are the fundamental of heavy equipment,which are widely used as the fundamental components of many industries,e.g.,electric power,metallurgy,petroleum and chemical,shipbuilding,railway,mining,aerospace.Over the past decades,many studies have been performed with respect to smelting,casting,heat treatment and forging and relevant technologies have made a great advance.
