甘草化学成分和药理作用研究进展及质量标志物的探讨

Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and discussion of Q-markers

甘草是我国传统常用中草药,其主要含有三萜类、黄酮类、多糖类、香豆素类等化学成分,具有抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎、调节免疫、抗纤维化等多种药理活性。随着甘草在食品、医药及化工等行业的广泛应用,其需求量日益上涨,因此解决甘草的质量问题具有重要的价值和意义。通过总结甘草的化学成分和药理作用并结合质量标志物(Q-marker)的概念,从植物亲缘学及化学成分特有性、传统功效和药性、入血成分、化学成分可测性、不同加工炮制方法等几个方面对甘草质量标志物进行分析,为建立甘草质量评价体系提供参考。

Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, mainly contains triterpenoids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, coumarins and volatile oils with many pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, immune regulatory and anti-fibrotic effects. The widespread applications of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in food, medicine and chemical industries make its demand increase gradually. Therefore, the quality guarantee of the medicinal is of great value. Starting from the elaboration of chemical components and pharmacological effects of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and the introduction to the concept of quality marker(Q-marker), this study analyzed the Q-markers of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma from the aspects of plant phylogene-tics, chemical component specificity, traditional efficacy, traditional medicinal properties, absorbed components, different processing methods and so on, which provides reference for quality evaluation, development and utilization of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.