三维生物打印在骨软骨组织再生中的应用

Application of the three-dimensional bioprinting for the osteochondral tissue regeneration

目前骨软骨修复再生技术存在诸多不足,组织工程方案仍难以维持持久有效的修复效果。三维生物打印技术的兴起与发展为骨软骨组织重建提供了一种强大的技术手段,生物活性材料的可控沉积使得精准重建骨软骨的异质性生物微结构成为可能。本文对骨软骨三维生物打印领域的最新进展进行总结,介绍包括基于支架的生物打印、基于细胞团簇的生物打印和原位生物打印。同时,对骨软骨三维生物打印涉及的主要问题进行梳理,提出目前的解决方案及探讨研究的前沿和趋势,以期提高口腔医师对骨软骨组织三维生物打印的认识。

The repair of osteochondral damage is clinically challenging.There are some limitations in the current technologies for osteochondral repair and regeneration,and it is still difficult for the strategies for osteochondral tissue engineering to obtain lasting and effective outcomes.The emergence and development of three-dimensional(3D)bioprinting have provided novel and powerful technical means for the reconstruction of osteochondral tissue.The controlled deposition of bioactive materials makes it possible to accurately reconstruct the heterogeneous microstructure of osteochondral tissue.This article summarizes the latest developments in the field of osteochondral bioprinting,including scaffold-based bioprinting,scaffold-free bioprinting,and in situ bioprinting.At the same time,the major considerations of osteochondral bioprinting are discussed,and current solutions and research trends are proposed,to broaden the understanding of readers about 3D bioprinting of osteochondral tissue.