试析战国竹书中的“貌”字

Discussion on the Character“Mao貌”in Warring States Period Bamboo Slips

通过《清华大学藏战国竹简(捌)》中新刊的“■”“■”二字,联系以往战国竹书中出现的“■”“■”等字,我们能够了解到,在战国时期的楚文字中,明母药部字的“貌”字常常以匣母宵部的“爻”作为声符。根据类似的形声异构规律,我们对过去出现在清华简《赵简子》中的“■”和上博简《孔子见季桓子》的“■”这两个疑难字,在构形来源人和辞例释读上加以考辨,认为它们都应释为“貌”;同时将上博简《从政》(甲篇)中两个旧释为“誂”的字,改释为“■(教)”。

“■”and“■”are two different forms of“Mao貌”written on bamboo slips of Warring States period,which were published in Qinghua Daxue Cang Zhanguo Zhujian(ba).Combining with the other two different forms“■”and“■”,we will find that“Mao貌”takes“Yao爻”as the vocal sign,which is a common rule in Chu characters.According to this rule,we analyze that“■”in Zhaojianzi and“■”in Kongzi Jian Jihuanzi are both“Mao貌”.