基于数据挖掘的中医药防治新型冠状病毒肺炎的用药规律研究

Study on Medication Regularity of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia based on Data Mining

目的:分析各地新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的中医药防治方案,探究其用药规律。方法:检索并整理近期国家、各省市及中医药工作者们提出的诊疗方案,使用频次统计、关联规则、聚类分析等方法探讨COVID-19的防治特点及用药规律。结果:预防COVID-19的方式包括足浴、熏蒸、香囊、代茶饮和水煎服;外用预防方中的高频药物为广藿香、艾叶、苍术等,内服预防方中主要为黄芪、金银花、甘草、广藿香等。治疗COVID-19的药物多性寒、温、平,味辛、甘、苦,入肺、胃、脾经,以宣肺散寒、清热解毒、理气化湿为主。结论:预防COVID-19的内服方剂以益气固表为主,佐以化湿、清热。在治疗方面,主要强调辛开苦降、调畅气机,重视下法、早逐客邪。该研究可为临床用药提供参考。

Objective: To analyze the scheme and medication regularity of traditional Chinese medicine in prevention and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19) in various regions.Methods: The recent medical and treatment schemes proposed by the state, provinces and cities and TCM workers were searched and sorted out.Frequency statistics, association rules, cluster analysis and other methods were used to explore the prevention and treatment characteristics and medication regularity of(COVID-19).Results: Prevention methods of COVID-19 included foot bath, fumigation, sachet, tea substitute and water decoction, the high frequency drugs of the prevention for external use were Pogostemonis Herba, Artemisiae Argyi Folium, Atractylodis Rhizoma and so on, the prevention for oral administration were Astragali Radix, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Pogostemonis Herba and so on.Most of the medications were cold, warm, flat, xin, sweet, bitter, into the lung, stomach, and spleen meridians.The effects gave priority to dispersing lung to dissipate cold, clearing away heat and toxic material and regulating qi and dampness.Conclusion: Oral prescriptions for the prevention of COVID-19 in various regions are mainly by tonifying qi and strengthening exterior, supplemented by resolving dampness and clearing heat.In terms of treatment, the main emphasis is on acrid opening and bitter downbearing, regulating qi dynamic, paying attention to the purgative method, early expulsing of pathogens.The study provides a reference for clinical medication.