间质性膀胱炎/膀胱疼痛综合征患者生活质量及相关因素分析

Quality of life and related factors in patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome

目的:评估间质性膀胱炎/膀胱疼痛综合征(interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome,IC/BPS)患者的生活质量,比较其与膀胱过度活动(overactive bladder,OAB)患者之间的差异,探索影响IC/BPS患者生活质量的相关因素。方法:收集就诊于北京医院等全国多家医学中心门诊的女性IC/BPS患者人口学资料,对患者的生活质量进行多角度问卷调查并与OAB患者资料进行对比。根据生活质量影响程度,将IC/BPS患者分为轻-中度组与重度组,分析影响IC/BPS患者生活质量的相关因素。结果:共纳入109例IC/BPS患者,平均年龄(46.4±14.3)岁,平均病程(39.4±51.6)个月。与OAB患者相比,IC/BPS组患者的平均病程较长(P=0.008),初次因本疾病就诊的患者比例较低(P<0.001),美国泌尿协会症状指数(American Urological Association symptom index,AUA-SI)评分较高(P<0.001),体重指数(body mass index,BMI)较低(P=0.016),便秘发生率较低(P=0.006)。IC/BPS对患者家庭生活方面的影响最大,其次为出行社交。IC/BPS相关症状对患者家庭生活的影响程度评分显著高于OAB组(P=0.003),困扰IC/BPS患者的症状前三位分别是疼痛(45%)、尿频(28%)、尿急(17%),IC/BPS患者储尿期症状对生活质量影响的评分显著高于OAB患者(P<0.001),咖啡因摄入(P=0.034)、便秘(P=0.003)可能是影响IC/BPS患者生活质量的相关因素。结论:IC/BPS对患者的生活质量影响较大,咖啡因摄入、便秘可能是影响IC/BPS患者生活质量的相关因素。泌尿科医生可以建议患者通过改变饮食和生活方式以减轻症状,提高患者的生活质量。

Objective:To evaluate the quality of life of patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome(IC/BPS),to compare the difference between IC/BPS and overactive bladder(OAB)pain syndrome,and to explore the related factors affecting the quality of life of IC/BPS patients.Methods:The demographic data of female outpatients with IC/BPS in Beijing Hospital and other medical centers in China were collected.The quality of life of the patients was investigated by multi-angle questionnaires and compared with the data of OAB patients.According to the influence degree of quality of life,the patients with IC/BPS were divided into mild-moderate group and severe group.Results:In this study,109 patients with IC/BPS were included.The average age was(46.4±14.3)years and the average course of disease was(39.4±51.6)months.Compared with the OAB patients,the patients in IC/BPS group had a longer average course of disease(P=0.008),a lower proportion of the patients of first visit for the disease(P<0.001),a higher score of the American Urological Association symptom index(AUA-SI)(P<0.001),a lower body mass index(BMI)ratio(P=0.016),and a lower incidence of constipation(P=0.006).IC/BPS had the greatest impact on family life,followed by social activity.The score of IC/BPS related symptoms on family life was significantly higher than that of the OAB group(P=0.003).The top three symptoms of the IC/BPS patients were pain(45%),frequency(28%)and urgency(17%).The score of quality of life in the IC/BPS patients was significantly higher than that in the OAB patients(P<0.001).Caffeine intake(P=0.034)and constipation(P=0.003)might be the factors influencing the quality of life of the patients with IC/BPS.Conclusion:IC/BPS has a great influence on the quality of life of patients.Caffeine intake and constipation may be related factors affecting the quality of life of patients with IC/BPS.Urologists should recommend changes in diet and lifestyle to reduce symptoms and improve the patients’quality of life.