儿童耳鼻部29例毛母质瘤临床分析

Clinical analysis of 29 cases of pilomatrinoma in children’s ear and nose

目的分析生长于耳鼻部的毛母质瘤的临床表现及诊治经验。方法对深圳市儿童医院2015年5月—2020年5月诊治的29例耳鼻部毛母质瘤的临床表现、病理特点、治疗方法及预后进行回顾性分析。结果29例患儿中仅有4例术前诊断为毛母质瘤,1例诊断为血管瘤,其余病例均以肿物性质待查收入院。所有患者均通过插管全麻下手术切除,术后经组织病理学检查确诊为毛母质瘤,随访期间所有患者均未见复发、感染及恶变等情况。结论耳鼻部毛母质瘤比较常见,但仍易与皮脂腺囊肿、表皮样囊肿、血管瘤等疾病混淆,容易误诊。该病治疗方法首选手术切除,预后良好。

Objective To summarize the clinical manifestations,diagnosis,and treatment of pilomatrixoma in the ear and nose.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical manifestations,pathological features,treatment and prognosis of 29 cases of pilomatrixoma diagnosed and treated in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital from May 2015 to May 2020.Results Among the 29 cases,only 4 cases were diagnosed as pilomatrixoma preoperatively,and 1 case was diagnosed as hemangioma.The other cases were admitted to the hospital as unknown neoplasms before operation.All tumors or neoplasms of the patients were removed by intubation under general anesthesia.After operation,the neoplasms were diagnosed as pilomatrixoma by histopathological examination.During the follow-up period of postoperation,no recurrence,infection,malignancy and other conditions were observed in all patients.Conclusions Pilomatrixoma in the ear and nose is common,but it is still easy to be confused and misdiagnosed with sebaceous cyst,epidermoid cyst,and hemangioma.Surgical resection is the preferred treatment of this disease with a good prognosis.