论《水浒传》“犯笔”艺术

On the Art of"Duplication Brushwork"in"Water Margin"

明代“四大奇书”之一的《水浒传》,不但人物奇、情节奇、结构奇,笔法更奇。不仅运用了背面傅粉法、草蛇灰线法,又有极省法、弄引法等,而其中故意创作类型相同的形象和描写冲突相似的情节,在比照之中将本事出落得各具神色—即所谓“特犯而不犯”的“犯笔”笔法,尤其精彩。通过细读文本,研究其在形象、情节、语言、审美等方面的“犯笔”艺术,对欣赏《水浒传》高超精妙的人物塑造手法必将有所帮助。

The Water Margin,one of the"Four Wonderful Books"of Ming Dynasty,is not only wonderful in character,plot,and structure,but also in duplication brushwork.Many methods are used in it like the backside depict method,the grass snake gray thread method,the extremely provincial method,the causation method,and so on.Among them,deliberately creating images of the same type and depicting conflicts of similar plots,in the comparison,the ability to come out with different looks-the so-called"duplication brushwork",which is especially brilliant.Through careful reading of the text,the study of its"duplication brushwork"art in terms of image,plot,language,aesthetics,etc.will help to appreciate the superb and exquisite characterization techniques of"Water Margin".