临沂市淡水鱼养殖、销售及餐饮环节致病性弧菌污染状况及病原学特征

Characterization of pathogenic Vibrio spp.contamination of freshwater fish in Linyi from farming,sales and catering sources

目的了解临沂市淡水鱼养殖、销售及餐饮环节中常见致病性弧菌的污染现状。方法在临沂市3个县区设置采样点,采集养殖场、销售场所、餐馆的鱼样及存养鱼的相关样本,参照《国家食品安全风险监测淡水动物性水产品养殖环节中常见弧菌专项监测工作手册》,进行致病性弧菌的分离与鉴定。结果在281份淡水鱼及相关样品中,4种常见致病性弧菌均有检出,其中霍乱弧菌的检出率最高,为18.15%(51/281),之后依次为副溶血性弧菌12.81%(36/281)、溶藻弧菌4.27%(12/281)、创伤弧菌0.71%(2/281)。在养殖(144份样品)、销售(74份样品)和餐饮(63份样品)3个环节霍乱弧菌检出率为16.67%(24/144)、21.62(16/74)、17.46%(11/63),副溶血性弧菌的检出率为2.78%(4/144)、24.32%(18/74)、22.22%(14/63),溶藻弧菌的检出率为0.69%(1/144)、8.11%(6/74)、7.94%(5/63),创伤弧菌的检出率为0(0/144)、2.70%(2/74)、0(0/63)。检出的霍乱弧菌均为非O1/O139群,不携带ctxAB毒力基因;在淡水鱼及相关样本中检出的36株副溶血性弧菌中有1株携带trh基因,其余均不携带tdh/trh毒力基因。结论临沂市淡水鱼养殖、销售和餐饮环节均存在不同程度的致病性弧菌污染,非O1/O139群霍乱弧菌和副溶血性弧菌为主要污染菌,霍乱弧菌污染在3个环节中均存在,副溶血性弧菌污染主要存在于销售和餐饮环节,整个淡水鱼产业链需加强综合监管。

Objective To investigate the pollution status of common pathogenic Vibrio in freshwater fish farming,sales and catering in Linyi city.Methods Sampling sites were set up in 3 counties and districts of Linyi city to collect fish samples from farms,sales sites and restaurants as well as related fish samples.Pathogenic Vibrio were isolated and identified according to the Special monitoring manual of Vibrio common in the aquaculture links of freshwater animal products by national food safety risk monitoring.Results Four kinds of pathogenic Vibrios were detected in 281 samples of freshwater fish and related samples,among which Vibrio cholerae had the highest detection rate of 18.15%(51/281),followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus 12.81%(36/281),Vibri.alginolyticus 4.27%(12/281)and Vibrio vulnificus 0.71%(2/281).The occurrences of Vibrios in farming,sales and catering sources were as following,respectively:Vibrio cholerae 16.67%(24/144)and 21.62(16/74),17.46%(11/63),Vibrio parahaemolyticus 2.78%(4/144),24.32%(18/74),22.22%(14/63),Vibrio alginolyticus detection rate was 0.69%(1/144),8.11%(6/74),7.94%(5/63),Vibrio vulnificus 0(0/144),2.70%(2/74)and 0(0/63).All of the confirmed Vibrio cholera isolates were in non-O1/O139 groups;and a total of 36 isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were obtained from the fresh-water fishes and the related samples,of which one isolate had the trh gene.Conclusion Linyi city freshwater fish farming,sales and catering link there are different degrees of pollution of pathogenic Vibrio,Non-O1/O139 group Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus are the main contaminants,Vibrio cholerae pollution in 3 links exist,deputy hemolytic Vibrio pollution mainly exist in the sales and catering,the whole freshwater fish industry chain needs to strengthen comprehensive regulation.