生活垃圾分类对垃圾焚烧发电产业发展影响的分析

ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCE OF DOMESTIC WASTE CLASSIFICATION ON DEVELOPMENT OF WASTE INCINERATION POWER GENERATION INDUSTRY IN CHINA

当前,垃圾焚烧发电已成为生活垃圾处理的主流工艺。但随着生活垃圾分类制度逐步在全国范围内推行,势必会导致用于焚烧发电的垃圾原料发生明显改变。基于此,从不同角度分析了垃圾分类对垃圾焚烧发电产业发展的影响。为适应分类后焚烧垃圾物理化学性质的改变,现有垃圾焚烧发电工艺需相应调整,尤其是热值升高,将大幅提升吨垃圾发电量,显著提高项目的经济效益,有利于激发企业自主投资运营的积极性。政府可依据焚烧发电产业市场行情,灵活调整相关补贴和优惠政策。垃圾焚烧发电产业有望进一步实现完全市场化运行,其发展模式也有望呈现为"全民参与+EPC"模式。对于生活垃圾的处置,政府的"参与、监管"角色也将向单一"监管"角色转变。

At present, waste incineration power generation has become the main stream technology of domestic waste treatment in China. However, as the classification system of domestic waste had been gradually implemented nationwide, significant changes will take place in domestic waste incineration power generation. Based on above-mentioned situations, this work analyzed the impact of waste classification on the development of waste incineration power generation industry from different perspectives. In order to adapt to the change of physical and chemical properties of domestic waste after classification, the existing technology needs to be adjusted accordingly. Especially the rise of calorific value will greatly increase the power generation capacity for per ton of domestic waste, which will significantly improve the economic benefits of the project, and stimulate the enthusiasm of independent investment and operation of enterprises. According to the market situation of the incineration power generation industry, the government should flexibly adjust relevant subsidies and preferential policies. Furthermore, the waste incineration power generation industry was expected to achieve full market-oriented operation, and development mode of public participation+EPC was also expected to be popularized. For the disposal of domestic waste, the government’s role of participation and supervision will also change into a single role of supervision.