行为公共政策中的心理暗示效应

The Effect of Psychological Suggestion in Behavioral Public Policy

传统公共政策的施行往往诉诸于理性与逻辑而忽略了人类行为的非理性和易受暗示性。巧妙的心理暗示可直接作用于人类的直觉系统,从而辅助公共政策的推行、提高公众的政策遵从性。从公共卫生和环境保护两个公共领域归纳心理暗示的说服效果,探讨其对公共卫生政策和环境保护政策的推进作用,并归纳其作用机制:通过可得性启发和情感启发,降低心理阻抗并促成态度与行为的转变。后续研究可进一步探究心理暗示适用的公共政策范围及其效果的持续性,从而为公共政策的良好实施提供新的行动视角与干预路径。

Conventional public policies often resort to rationality and logicality while neglecting the nonrationality or suggestibility of human behavior.Ingenious psychological suggestion can directly work on the human intuitive system,which assists in implementing public policies and improving public compliance.The present study mainly summarizes the persuasive effect of psychological suggestion from two areas of public health and environmental protection to explore its advancing effect on public health and environmental protection policies so as to conclude the mechanisms of psychological suggestion on persuasion:By means of availability heuristic,affect heuristic,psychological reactance can be reduced and attitude and behaviour can be changed.Furthermore,the scope of public policy application and the effect durability of psychological suggestion can be explored to provide a new perspective of action and intervention pathway for the excellent implementation of public policy.