细菌Ⅵ型分泌系统结构和功能的研究进展

Research progress of structure and function of bacterial type Ⅵ secretion system

细菌Ⅵ型分泌系统(typeⅥsecretion system, T6SS)是由多种蛋白组成的复合跨膜装置,广泛存在于革兰阴性细菌中,通过传递各种效应蛋白作用于不同靶标介导诸多生物学功能。Ⅵ型分泌系统主要包含2个部分即跨膜复合物和穿刺结构,是一种类似于噬菌体尾部的可收缩系统。效应蛋白能通过该收缩装置释放到细菌或真核细胞中,影响靶目标的正常生理活性。因此,Ⅵ型分泌系统在细菌与细菌、细菌与真核细胞相互作用过程中扮演着重要的角色,能够提高细菌竞争能力,增强细菌毒力,促进基因水平转移,利于细菌抵抗外部环境的压力。研究细菌Ⅵ型分泌系统,可以加深对细菌致病机理和宿主的认识,为细菌性疾病防治提供新的方法策略。

The type Ⅵ secretion system(T6 SS) is a widespread bacterial multi-component machinery, which is widely present in Gram-negative bacteria and mediates many biological functions by translocating various effectors to different targets, it is a contractile system similar to the phage tail, which is mainly composed of a transmembrane complex and a puncture structure.The effector protein can be directly delivered into target prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells, and affects the normal physiological activity of target cells through the contractile device.Therefore, the type Ⅵ secretion system plays an important role in the interaction between bacteria and bacteria, bacteria and cells, can improve the competitiveness of bacteria, affect the virulence of bacteria, promote horizontal gene transfer and facilitate the bacteria to resist the pressure of external environment.Studying bacterial T6 SS can deepen the understanding of the interaction mechanism between bacteria and host, and provide a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases.