古代髹漆乐器之描绘技艺研究

Research on the Painting Techniques of Ancient Lacquered Musical Instruments

在古代,很多传统乐器都用大漆髹成,具有鲜明的东方审美观。大漆不仅有防潮、防蚀、耐酸碱、耐高温等功能,乐器髹漆后,器表坚硬,保护乐器在移动和使用过程中不必要的损伤,具有增强乐器使用寿命的作用。描绘类乐器在胎体上用各种色漆直接描绘花纹,描漆不限于用漆,可兼用油色,较其他工艺颜色更加丰富。描金乐器多见于宫廷乐器,漆地多为朱红。描漆可将万物之色画在乐器之上,花纹如新鲜的花粉香泽,颜色如缤纷的锦簇五彩。描金类乐器是用半透明漆调和淡色漆制成金胶,用以描绘出各种图案,或采用贴金、上金或泥金的方法,将闪耀的金箔或金粉平涂附着在金胶所绘的图案上。

In ancient times,many traditional musical instruments were painted with lacquer,which had a distinct Oriental aesthetic view.The lacquer not only has the functions of anti-corrosion,acid and alkali resistance,moisture-proof and high-temperature resistance,but also has the function of enhancing the service life of musical instruments.The paint is not limited to paint,but can also use oil color,which is more colorful than other craft colors.Gold painted musical instruments are often seen in court musical instruments,and lacquer fields are mostly vermilion.Paint can paint the colors of all things on the musical instruments.The patterns are like fresh flower,and the colors are like colorful.Gold tracing musical instruments are made of translucent paint and light colored paint,which are used to depict various patterns.By means of gilding,gilding or mud gold,the glittering gold foil or gold powder is flat coated on the patterns painted by the gold glue.