全球金融科技产业的分布及其影响因素研究进展

The research progress on the geography of Fintech industry

金融科技是技术驱动的金融创新,通过金融与信息和通信技术的深层次融合,深刻改变着金融业的运作模式。当前,金融科技已成为各个国家和地区高度重视的前沿和关键领域,其发展也正在重塑全球和地方的金融格局。金融科技产业的发展及其空间分布引起了学术界和政策领域的广泛关注,本文系统总结了金融科技产业在不同尺度的空间分布特征,并梳理了影响金融科技产业发展的关键驱动因素。总体而言,在全球范围,亚洲和北美洲在金融科技领域发展领先,以中国为代表的亚洲经济体在金融科技领域的崛起对全球金融格局影响深远。传统的国际金融中心是金融科技发展的重要源地,同时科技中心城市也成为金融科技发展的新摇篮,两者共同决定了金融科技产业的地理格局。在城市内部,金融科技产业呈现出集群发展的态势,往往围绕现有的大型金融或科技企业集聚,或者依托加速器和孵化器发展。各级政府的推动进一步加速了金融科技产业集聚区的形成。经济金融发展水平、信息通信基础设施、金融科技的监管环境以及扶持金融科技的产业政策是影响金融科技产业发展的关键因素。最后,本文从区域发展的视角提出了促进金融科技产业集聚的政策建议和未来研究方向。

As a technology-driven financial innovation, Fintech(Financial technology) is profoundly changing the operation mode of financial services through deep integration of finance and information and communication technology.At present, Fintech has become a frontier and key field that various countries and regions attach great importance to.In the meantime, the rapid development of Fintech is also reshaping the global and local financial landscape.Therefore,the development of Fintech industry and its spatial distribution have attracted wide attention in academic and policy fields.This paper systematically summarizes the spatial distribution characteristics of Fintech industry at different scales, and sorts out the key driving factors that affect the development of Fintech industry.Generally speaking, on a global scale, Asia and North America are leading the development of Fintech, and the rise of Asian economies represented by China in Fintech field has a profound impact on the global financial landscape.In addition, the traditional international financial center is an important source for the development of Fintech, at the same time, the city of science and technology center is also a new cradle of Fintech, both of which jointy determine the geographical landscape of Fintech industry.What’s more, Fintech industry shows a trend of cluster development within the city, which is usually clustered around existing large financial and technology enterprises or developed by relying on professional accelerators and incubators.The promotion of governments at various levels has further accelerated the formation of Fintech industry clusters.The level of economic and financial development, information and communication infrastructure, regulatory environment of Fintech and industrial policies supporting Fintech are key factors to affect the development of Fintech industry.Finally, from the perspective of regional development, this paper puts forward policy suggestions to promote the agglomeration of Fintech industry, and points out the future research direction.